Introduction
Undescended testes, also known as cryptorchidism, is a common condition affecting baby boys. It occurs when one or both testicles fail to move down into the scrotum before birth. While it may sound concerning, this condition is treatable — and early diagnosis is key to long-term health.
What Are Undescended Testes?
During pregnancy, a baby boy’s testicles develop in the abdomen and usually move down into the scrotum before birth. In some boys, one or both testicles do not complete this journey. This condition is more common in premature infants, but it can occur in full-term babies as well.
How Common Is It?
- Affects about 3% of full-term and 30% of premature boys.
- In many cases, the testicle descends naturally within the first few months.
- If not descended by 6 months, further evaluation and treatment are recommended.
Why Early Treatment Matters
Leaving undescended testes untreated may lead to:
- Fertility problems later in life
- Higher risk of testicular cancer
- Increased chance of testicular injury
- Psychological or cosmetic concerns
When to See a Pediatric Surgeon
If your child’s testicle hasn’t descended by 6 months of age, a referral to a pediatric surgeon is typically recommended. A simple physical exam is often enough to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment Options
The most common treatment is a minor surgery called orchidopexy, usually performed between 6 and 18 months of age.
- Day surgery: Most children go home the same day.
- High success rate: The testicle is moved and secured into the scrotum.
- Low complication risk.
Long-Term Outlook
With timely treatment, most boys grow up with normal testicular function and appearance. Regular follow-up ensures everything is developing as expected.
Final Thoughts
Undescended testes are common — and very treatable. Early detection and timely surgery can prevent complications and support your child’s healthy development. If you’re concerned, don’t hesitate to speak with your pediatrician or pediatric surgeon.